The eight participants were: C.E. Anderson, William J.A. Fuller, Albert R. Gallantin, Adelmour W. King, Thomas Loyd, Napoleon Marache, Frederick Perrin, and W.S. Wheelwright.
The tournament took months. In April of 1856, Marache and Perrin were the finlist, but the match was not concluded until August of1856, Marache won a silver cup.
Frederick Perrin (December 5,1815 – January 27m 1889) was born in London; he moved to the United States in 1845. He played in the American Chess Congress at New York 1857 (Morphy won) and om Chicago in 1874 (George H. Mackenzie won). He participated several times in the New York Chess Club tournament, winning in 1859.
Perrin, who was fluent in English, French and German ,was a professor of languages at Princeton College. In the 1850s he was president of the New York Chess Club and in his later years he was an honorary member of the Brooklyn Chess Club.
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| Location of Perrin's home today |
He died of pneumonia at home in Brooklyn after having been ill for three weeks.
Napoleon Marache (June 15, 1818 – May 11, 1875) was a player, problem composer and journalist. He was born in France and moved to the United States at around age of 12.
He learned to ply chess around the late age of 26. It was said his progress was so rapid that within 3 weeks he was giving his tutor odds of a Rook! Within a year began composing problems and writing about the game the following year.
In 1866, he published Marache's Manual of Chess, which was one of the country's first chess books; it also had a section on backgammon making it one of the country’s first books on that game also.
In 1846, he started publishing the periodical The Chess Palladium and Mathematical Sphinx. At approximately the same time, Charles Stanley started publishing The American Chess Magazine.
A brazen feud erupted between the two.
Stanley called the rival magazine, "a most ridiculous jumble of unintelligible nonsense" and "sixteen pages of soiled waste-paper." He might have been right; only three issues of Marache's magazine were published (October, November, and December 1846). Stanley’s magazine did better; it ceased publication in 1847.
In the 1850s and 1860s, Marache was the chess editor and chess columnist for several newspapers. In 1865, he wrote the chess section for a Hoyle's guide to games.
After the end of the Civil War, Morphy went to New York to work on a collection of his games and was assisted by Marache and Charles A. Gilberg, but the book was never published owing to a dispute between Morphy and the publishers.
Frederick Perrin–Napoleon Marache1–0C40New York City CC Champ (Finals)1856Stockfish 16
Latvian Gambit 1.e4 e5 2.f3 f5 Marache played this (the Latvian Gambit)
several times in this match. Im the old daysit was known as the Greco
Countergambit. While aggressive, it has long been condemned by authorities as
weak and unsound. However, it's one of the oldest openings, having been
analysed in the 16th century by Polerio and then the 17th century Greco. Dutch
GM Paul van der Sterren observed that what is needed to play the Latvian is a
sharp eye for tactics and a mental attitude of total contempt for whatever
theory has to say about it. The main, and best, line is 3,Nxe5 3.exf5 f6
While this move is frequently played here in the main line, in this variation
it is a very poor choice. 3...c6 4.d4 exd4 5.xd4 xd4 6.xd4 f6 7.g5 e7 8.c3 0-0 9.c4+ h8 10.0-0-0 c6 11.he1 1/2-1/2 (30) Mayet,C-Von
Heydebrand und der Lasa,T Berlin 1839 3...e4 is black's best response. 4.d4 f6 Goos now ...it attacks the N/ 5.h5+ This should favor black. 5.
Nb5 leaves white with a slight edge. g6 6.fxg6 hxg6 7.d5 e7 8.xe4 h4
Black went on to lose even at this point he has a significant advantage. Larry
Evans-Kon Grivainis, Munich 1958 4.e2 d6 5.d4 c6 6.dxe5 dxe5 6...xe5 was of about equal value. 7.g4 7.g5 xf5 with only a slight edge for
white. 7...e7 8.c3 xf3+ 9.xf3 h5 10.h3 g6 and white's advantage is
practically decisive. 7.g4 h5 Slightly better would have been 7...h6 8.g5 d6 9.c3 f6 10.b5 There can be little doubt that black's opening
strategy has been a total bust. e7 11.h4 Well played; after this move, we
cannot say much in favor of Black's game. d4 12.xd4 exd4 13.xe7+ xe7 14.g6 h7 15.0-0-0 d6 16.xf6 16.b5+ was an even more solid blow d7 17.he1+ d8 18.xd7 xd7 19.e5+ c8 20.c4 b4 21.c3 b5 21...dxc3 22.e8+ xe8 23.d8# 22.cxb4 bxc4 23.xd4 with a winning position. 16...gxf6
Now practically any reasonable move leaves white with a won position. 17.f3
hxg4 18.fxg4 d7 As is often the case, white's ganme will ot win
itself and care must be taken. For example, the good looking 19.Rxd4 would be
horrible! 19.g2 19.xd4 c6 20.g1 xh2 wins the exchange and leaves
black better. 19...0-0-0 20.h4 20.xd4 is not as bad as it
would have been last move, but it would diminish white's advantage. xh2 21.xh2 xh2 White has an endgame advantage, but black is far from being ready
to resign. 20...c5 21.h5 b5 22.he1 d3 23.cxd3 xd3 24.f4 hd7 25.e6 The knockout punch. 25.xd3 is much less strong. xd3 26.xd3 xd3± 27.g5 fxg5 28.f6 e3 29.h1 e8 30.h6 h8 31.h7 g4 and black can
hold out for a long time. In Shoorouts white scored +4 -0 =1, but the games
were long (some well over 100 moves) and arduous. 25...f8 26.xf8 26.xd8 As mentioned previouisly, having a winning position does mean one can
relax! h6+ 27.d2 xf5 and black has equalized after either 28.Red1 or 28.
Ree2. But he must not play... 28.gxf5 xd2+ 29.d1 xe1+ 30.xe1 xd8
and black should win. 26...xf8 27.e3 c4 Another oversight...not that
it matters because after 27...Rfd8 he is still lost. 28.xb7+ d8 29.xd7+ xd7 30.g2 g8 31.f3 xa2 Trapping his own B...not that it matters. 32.b3 xb3 33.xb3 e7 34.b7 d6 35.xa7 g7 36.d2 Black resigned. It will
take a while, but the ending is hopeless. 36.d2 c5 37.a6 d4 38.e6 f7 39.e4+ c5 40.e3 b5 41.e2+ a5 42.d4 b4 43.d5+ c3 44.e6 f8 45.e7 b8 46.xf6 etc. 1–0
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