On the international scene Vasily Smyslov defeated Mikhail Botvinnik to become world champion ending Botvinnik's nine-year reign. The World Junior Championship was held in Toronto. William Lombardy took 1st place with a perfect score.
In 1957, Samuel Reshevsky defeated Donald Byrne in a match by a score of 7-3; the first 6 games were drawn and Reshevsky won the last four.
The match was unusual in that in the first game Byrne's flag fell, but Reshevsky didn’t notice it and offered a draw which was accepted.
Then in the second game Byrne’s flag fell again and again Reshevsky didn’t notice it. Then Reshevsky’s flag fell and this time it was Byrne’s turn not to notice the fallen flag!
Reshevsky’s wife, who was a spectator, did notice Byrne’s flag being down so she then claimed the win on her husband’s behalf!!
Byrne pointed out that only the player on the move could claim a time forfeit and since it was his move, he claimed the game.
In the ensuing dispute, over Byrne’s objections, an appeals committee was organized and they declared that the game was drawn. As a result Byrne walked out, but later returned and ended up losing the match badly.
Bobby Fischer won the U.S. Junior Championship in San Francisco, scoring 8.5 out of 9; he won a typewriter. Then in August he tied for first with Arthur Bisguier at the U.S. Open that was held in Cleveland, Ohio.
Fischer was awarded the title tie-breaks, but that was only determined later. At the time it was assumed that Bisguier had won and he took the trophy and prize money home. After he got home, he received a call informing him he was NOT the winner. He gave the trophy to Fischer, but apparently kept the money. That year Fischer also played two games against Max Euwe at the Manhattan Chess Club in New York, drawing one and losing one.
In 1957, the U.S. Championship was held in New York City starting in December and it included almost all of the country’s top players including former champions Samuel Reshevsky, Arthur Bisguier and Arnold Denker.
Of special interest was the fourteen year old prodigy Bobby Fischer who had already scored several impressive wins, but the question was, how would he do in this tournament? As it turned out, Fischer dominated the field and finished a full point ahead of seven-time champ Reshevsky.
In the following game from that tournament, Fischer, then a sophomore at Erasmus High School (it closed in 1994), slugged it out with Arthur Bisguier, the 1954 champion.
In an unusual (for him) defense, Bisguier adopted the French Defense and then not so unusual for him, played a rare sideline. Fischer obtained a dangerous Q-side attack and a sharp position arose. Both players offered draws, but they were refused. Except for a crude mate threat Bisguier’s K-side attack never really got going and finally Fischer crashed through to win Pawn and then a Rook in what turned out to be one of his best wins in the tournament.
Robert Fischer–Arthur Bisguier1–0C16US Championship 1957/58New York, NY USA23.12.1957Stockfish 15.1
French Dfense 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.c3 b4 4.e5 b6 This is one of
Nimzovich's Ideas. Black wants to exchange light squared Bs, but in doing so
he loses time and is oftern subjected to a strong K-side attack. 5.a3
At the time this forcing move was unbooked. Customary was 5.Qg4 5.g4 f8
This is usual, but I have tried the extremely rare 5...Kf8 in postal play with
good results. 6.g5 d7 7.f4 White is only slightly better. 5...xc3+ 6.bxc3 d7 This move facilitates ...0-0.0 and prepares to protect his g-Pawn. 7.g4 f5 7...g6 is just too passive. Play might continue 8.a4 a6 9.xa6 xa6 10.e2 and black's pieces are uncoordinated. 8.g3 8.exf6 xf6
and black has fully equalized. 8...a6 9.xa6 xa6 10.e2 0-0-0 11.a4 b7 12.0-0 12.a5 is also good. b5 13.f4 f7 14.0-0 e7 15.a3 White
stands well. Ochsner,B (2405)-Sadiku,B (2197) Reykjavik 2015 12...f7
This enables him to develop the N on g8. 12...b8 13.a5 b5 14.f4 a6 15.a3 h6 White is better. Kholmov,R (2485)-Zilberman,N (2455) Belgorod 1990 13.c4 White dissolves his doubled Ps and opens attacking lines. e7 13...dxc4 14.c3 e7 15.xc4 c6 16.a5 ab8 17.axb6 axb6 White is better.
Wiersma,E (2180)-Van der Wiel,J (2570) Netherlands 1995 14.g5 dxc4 15.c3 d5 16.xc4 a8 Black is threatening 17...f4 trapping the B which explains
white's next move. 17.d2 f4 18.a3 g5 White's attack is going to come
first plus black has a paucity of attacking pieces on the K-side. 19.a5 c6 20.axb6 axb6 21.b3 ac7 22.c4 This has a two fold purpose. It dislodges
the N and gains more ground. White's position is overall distinctly superior;
his K isd quite safe her has a sounder pawn_structure, better center and his B
will prove superior to the N. xa3 23.xa3 a8 24.b3 e7 25.c3 f5 26.b4 c8 27.a4 f3 Realistically this "attack" can't be expected tp
accomplish much, but the truth is black's position is devoid of any real
possibilities. 28.c5+ b8 29.d7+ b7 30.b3 g4 31.c5+ b8 32.g3 xd4 Taking this P probably was not such a good idea because now white's B springs
into action, but there was really not much black could do that was
constructive. 32...a2 A very forlorn hope that white will tke the R and
allow ...Qh3 33.xg5 b2 Still hoping. 34.d7+ b7 35.c3 c2 Again,
hoping. 36.c5+ b8 37.d3 f5 37...bxc5 38.b1+ a8 39.b3 wins 38.xf5 exf5 39.d7+ b7 40.c1 xc1+ 41.xc1 White has a won ending. 33.e3 a1 34.b1 34.xa1 xa1+ 35.c1 xc1+ 36.d1 xd1# 34...a3 35.d7+ b7 36.d1 Decisive. White breaks throug and wins heavy plastic. a2 37.xb6 xb6 38.xb6+ c8 39.xf3 xc4 40.f8+ d7 41.xa3 Black resigned. 1–0
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