One advantage of castling on opposite sides is that the attacker does not expose his own King when advancing Pawns against the enemy’s King. Even so, there are dangers.
If your opponent, as is often the case, does not castle on the opposite side immediately your own King may find itself exposed. Your own King may come under attack or your opponent may initiate a successful counterattack in the center.
Anyone familiar with the writings of Nimzovich will recall that he called castling on opposite sides and attacking on th other flank "an amateurish conception.” Nevertheless, such games can be exciting as the following game shows. Curiously, I recently made a couple of posts on the Lolli Theme and this game also ends with the theme.
[Event "London"]
[Site ""]
[Date "1932.02.04"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Vera Menchik"]
[Black "George Thomas"]
[Result "1-0"]
[ECO "E85"]
[Annotator "Stockfish 17.1"]
[PlyCount "47"]
[EventDate "1932.02.01"]
{[%evp 12,47,79,51,115,103,111,123,136,128,190,134,164,156,206,178,204,205,236,
232,313,184,242,241,274,253,287,281,29991,29992,29992,29993,29993,29994,29994,
29995,29997,29998] E85: King's Indian: Saemisch} 1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 g6 3. Nc3 Bg7
{At the time this game was played the K-Indian did not enjoy great popularity.
Until the mid-1930s, it was generally regarded as highly suspec, but after
strong Soviet players begam analyzing and playing it things changed and it
became very popular. Then in the early 2000s its popularity took a nose dive
when Kramnik began scoring well against it.} 4. e4 d6 {Although the K-Indian
was not generally popular, in England F.D. Yates had played it with success
and so many English players followed suit.} 5. f3 {The Saemisch Sämisch is
the prelude to a sharp K-side attack by white. Saemisch developed the system
in the 1920s. With 5.f3 white fortifies the e-Pawn and prepares a K-side P
advance.} O-O 6. Be3 e5 7. Nge2 b6 {This is not an especially effective
strategy. Normal is 7...c6 directing his attention toward the center.} 8. Qd2 {
A natural move that prepares O-O-O and to eliminate black's B on g7.} Nc6 {
This looks rather awkward. 8...Ba6 or 8...Nbd7 seem better.} 9. d5 {An
excellent move closing the center which black has deliberately allowed, but it
was a strategic error. With 9.d5 white prepares for a K-dsie advance. Note
that black's setup on the Q-side does not allow for an equally easy advance
there.} Ne7 {Strategically white has a significant advantage.} 10. g4 {White
will castle Q side with little danger and then proceed to overrun black's K.}
Nd7 11. Rg1 a5 {Black is not well placed for Q-side operations and truthfully
they have little chance of success. Therefore, perhaps he should be thinking
about how to shore up his K-side defenses.} (11... f5 12. gxf5 gxf5 13. Bh6 Ng6
14. Bg5 (14. exf5 Qh4+) (14. Bxg7 Kxg7 15. exf5 Rxf5 {Black has some hope of
defending himself.}) 14... Nf6 15. exf5 Bxf5 {Here, too,with all his pieces
defending his K survival is a poossibility although a remote one. In Shootouts
white score +4 -0 =1.}) 12. O-O-O Nc5 13. Ng3 Bd7 14. h4 a4 15. h5 Qb8 {
Both players have been following thier plans for attack, but black is way
behind in the race to see who can, as Frank Marsahll put it, get there the
fastest with the mostest.} 16. Bh6 {This is more than good enough, but 16.Nf5
would have been a great shot!} (16. Nf5 gxf5 {os completely out as a defense!}
(16... Bxf5 17. gxf5 Qd8 18. Bh6 {This is black's best line, but white has a
deisive advantage.}) 17. gxf5 Re8 18. Rxg7+ Kxg7 19. Bh6+ Kh8 20. Qg5 {mates})
16... Qa7 {Black's position is beyond saving.} 17. Bxg7 Kxg7 18. Nf5+ {[%mdl
512] Menchik doesn't miss it this time! The g-file is opened.} Nxf5 (18... Kf6
{trying to keep the g-file closed runs into an unusual mate by a P.} 19. g5#)
19. gxf5 a3 {Black was dead lost, but this move forcing open a file on the
Q-side comes way too late not to mention that white has a mate in 9.} 20. f6+
$1 {Setting up a Lolli theme.White mates.} Kh8 21. Qh6 axb2+ 22. Kb1 Rg8 23.
hxg6 fxg6 24. Qxh7+ {[%mdl 512] Nice! Black resigned.} (24. Qxh7+ Kxh7 25. Rh1+
Bh3 26. Rxh3#) 1-0
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